Overview of Solar Tracking System
Solar tracking systems primarily come in two types: single-axis and dual-axis. Single-axis trackers move along one axis, typically following the sun’s east-west path across the sky. Dual-axis trackers, on the other hand, adjust in two directions, allowing more precise alignment with the sun to maximize energy production.
The technology behind these marvels of engineering is complex, yet underpinned by a fundamental quest: to maximize the exposure of photovoltaic panels to sun rays throughout every daylight hour, every day of the year. This ensures optimal energy harvesting which is accomplished through a solar tracking system.
What is a Solar Tracker?
As the name suggests, a solar tracker is an advanced mechanism, designed to follow the movement of the sun. This careful tracking guarantees solar panels receive maximum sunlight exposure, which significantly bumps up the amount of generated electricity.
How a Solar Tracker Works
Solar trackers function based on the principle of harnessing maximum sunlight. With sensors and motors, the system moves the panels to follow the sun throughout the day, always ensuring they stand at the best angle to capture rays.
Types of Solar Tracking System
When it comes to picking the right tracker for your solar project, understanding different types of solar tracking system is crucial. Let me share some insights from my 20 years of hands-on experience in the field.
Single-Axis Solar Tracker
What is a Single-Axis Solar Tracker?
A single-axis solar tracker follows the sun’s path from East to West using only one rotational point. This type of rotational movement is relatively straightforward and often less expensive than its dual-axis contemporary.
How Does Single-Axis Solar Tracker Work?
Digging a bit deeper into how this tracking mechanism functions, let’s touch on two primary models: Horizontal Single-Axis Solar Tracker (HSAT) and Horizontal Tilted Single-Axis Solar Tracker (HTSAT).
Horizontal Single-Axis Solar Tracker (HSAT)
As the sun voyages on its East-West route, the HSAT follows along, pivoting on an axis that lies flat and parallel to the Earth’s equator.
Horizontal Tilted Single-Axis Solar Tracker (HTSAT)
The HTSAT, on the other hand, operates similarly, but its axis of rotation is tilted so that it can capture sunlight efficiently, especially in higher latitudes.
Advantages of Single-Axis Solar Tracking System
Among the key benefits of a single-axis solar tracker, is its ability to increase power output by up to 35% compared to fixed-tilt systems.
Disadvantages of Single-Axis Solar Tracking System
However, it’s not all roses. Single-axis trackers require more maintenance than their static counterparts, which might add to operational costs down the line.
Dual-Axis Solar Tracker
What is a Dual-Axis Solar Tracker?
Think about being able to follow not only the Sun’s day-long East-West trek but also its change in elevation throughout the year. In comes the dual-axis solar tracker.
How Does Dual-Axis Solar Tracker Work?
A dual-axis tracker can move panels both horizontally and vertically to take advantage of changes in the season and time of day.
Advantages of Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System
This dual movement means panels maintain an optimal angle to absorb sunlight, increasing energy output by up to 45%.
Disadvantages of Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System
The downside of dual-axis trackers is their elevated price compared to single-axis ones. They require more materials and intricate engineering, which significantly pushes up the cost.
Other Types of Solar Trackers
Other options of solar trackers include Manuel Solar Trackers, Passive Solar Tracking Devices, and Active Solar Energy Trackers. These are certainly worth considering based on budget and maintenance capabilities, however, they are beyond our focussed comparison of the main game players.
Factors Influencing the Choice of Solar Tracking System
There’s no one-size-fits-all when we talk about solar energy harvesting. When selecting the right solar tracker for your project, you need to consider several factors:
Limited Space
Room constraints dictate tracker type. In constricted areas, single-axis trackers resorting to row-based shade mitigation can work wonders.
Financial Sense
While the dual-axis tracking system may give better efficiency, costs can escalate quickly. Single-axis options offer a viable, often more cost-effective, alternative.
Climate
Harsh climates require robust trackers. Those made of resilient material and designed to withstand tough environmental conditions would prove the most durable.
Shading or Obstructions
Consideration of any physical obstructions on-site can also influence the decision whilst picking the tracker type. The physical layout of your area might also require a bit of juggling between tracker types.
Future Perspectives on Solar Tracking Systems
Engaging with solar energy is not just about the here and now; it’s about harnessing a sustainable, reliable energy source for tomorrow. Single-axis or dual-axis, understanding types of solar tracking systems will delineate the route your renewable power journey will take. As the dynamics of solar power continue to evolve, with it should our understanding. Together, toward a brighter future.
